Abstract

To study the value of cranial ultrasound in premature infants. A total of 150 newborns were selected for cranial ultrasound examination within 48 h of birth. According to the classification criteria, they were diagnosed as intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants and punctate white matter damage. The children were graded and compared with the magnetic resonance imaging results to analyze the brain development maturity and the characteristics of brain injury in this kind of premature infants. At the same time, the gray value of the abnormal white matter area was measured and the gestational age was corrected and followed up for 1 y. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development was used to evaluate the psychomotor development index, mental developmental index; Pearson analysis method analyzes the relationship between the gray value of brain ultrasound, psychomotor development index and mental development index. Cranial ultrasound examination revealed 49 cases of pure intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants, 41 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants combined with ventricular enlargement, 10 cases of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants combined with punctate white matter damage, 2 cases of simple punctate white matter damage, 46 cases with no obvious abnormalities. After 1 y follow-up, 102 cases of normal preterm infants and 46 cases were abnormal; intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants, punctate white matter damage 6 cases of premature infants assessed as grade IV, motor and mental retardation rate was 100 % (6/6); 10 cases of preterm infants assessed as grade III by intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants, motor retardation rate 70 % (7/10), mental retardation rate of 90 % (9/10), 8 cases of premature infants evaluated by punctate white matter damage as grade III, motor developmental retardation rate of 50 % (4/8), mental retardation rate of 62.5 % (5/8), intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants, punctate white matter damage degree and premature delivery. There was a statistically significant difference in children’s motor and mental retardation (p<0.05); the gray value of the brain ultrasound after the birth of premature infants was negatively correlated with psychomotor development index and mental development index (r=-0.830, p<0.05; r=-0.917, p<0.05). The higher the evaluation levels of intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants and punctate white matter damage, the higher the gray value and the worse the neonatal movement and intellectual development.