Abstract

A lack of definitive research exists regarding the application of low molecular weight heparin during pregnancy in connection with in vitro fertilization. The objective of this analysis is to determine if low molecular weight heparin enhances the success of pregnancies in women who do not have thrombophilia and are undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) for articles written in English from 2000 to 2020. All research methodologies evaluating the influence of low molecular weight heparin during in vitro fertilization on live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and miscarriage rate were included. Individual case reports and studies focusing on women with hereditary or acquired thrombophilia, hormonal, or autoimmune disorders were excluded. Out of 3490 screened studies, 5 studies satisfied the selection requirements (consisting of 4 randomized and 1 observational study). The review encompassed a total of 1006 women, with 520 receiving low-molecular-weight heparin and 486 belonging to the control group. No significant differences were observed between the low molecular weight heparin and control groups in any of the evaluated outcomes (live birth rate, clinical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate). It is important to note that the duration and dosage of low molecular weight heparin exhibited considerable variation across the studies included. While it may have a potential benefit especially in terms of live birth rate and clinical pregnancy rate, the current evidence doesn’t imply a significant influence of low-molecular-weight heparin on in vitro fertilization treatment outcomes in terms of successful pregnancy rates for women without thrombophilia. Additional research is needed to evaluate the actual role of low molecular weight heparin as a treatment during in vitro fertilization procedures.