Abstract

A non-metastatic cell 1, also known as NM23 and NM23-H1, was the first gene identified among the 13 metastasis suppressor genes. While increasing research indicates the crucial role of non-metastatic cell 1 in the development of various tumors, its biological significance in urological tumors remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the functional characteristics and prognostic value of the non-metastatic cell 1 gene in urological tumors. Our findings revealed high expression of non-metastatic cell 1 in five types of urological tumors, while only kidney chromophobe renal cell carcinoma exhibited downregulation. Survival analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between high non-metastatic cells 1 expression and poor prognosis in urological tumors. Furthermore, we investigated the mutation status and methylation levels of non-metastatic cells 1 in urological tumors, finding that amplification and mutation are the primary mutation types observed, with a substantial decrease in the promoter methylation level of non-metastatic cells 1 in urological tumor tissues. Immunoinfiltration analysis indicated a connection between aberrant non-metastatic cell 1 expression and immune cell infiltration, including B cells, clusters of differentiation 4 T cells, clusters of differentiation 8 T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells. The functional enrichment results suggested that non-metastatic cells 1 may contribute to genomic instability by interfering with chromosome segregation, small nuclear ribonucleic acid binding, and spliceosome function, which could have significant implications for the mutations and immune evasion occurring during the development of urological tumors. In conclusion, our study comprehensively outlines the progress, prognosis, and immune significance of non-metastatic cell 1 in human urological tumors.