Abstract

Ovariectomy induced osteoporosis in rats is similar to oestrogen depleted postmenopausal osteoporosis in females. Osteoporosis after menopause is a serious global health issue in elderly populations that have shown minimal consideration until lately. Anti-resorptive medicines such as oestrogen, calcitonin, bisphosphonates and others are used in traditional treatments for postmenopausal osteoporosis. These have various negative effects and do not modify bone mass or replace bone that has already been lost. The goal of this study was to see if a herbal extract combination (Piper nigrum and Linum usitatissimum) might prevent ovariectomized rats from osteoporosis. 10-12 w of age female rats are randomized into six groups of six rats each. The sham-operated group, the control group and four other ovariectomized groups, ovariectomized with standard (calcium carbonate 250 mg/kg); ovariectomized with black pepper extract (500 mg/kg), and ovariectomized with flaxseed extract (600 mg/kg) are treated for 14 d by oral dosing. The in silico study revealed that lignan has a direct interaction with gene interleukin-6 and an indirect connection with CYP4F2 and piperine indirectly inhibit tumor necrosis factor gene. The present study reveals that a combination of Piper nigrum and Linum usitatissimum extracts has given significant results when compared to these extracts if given alone in the estimation of various bone turnover markers alkaline phosphatase, calcium, phosphorus, total protein content and histopathology of the right leg femur bone. To summing up, Piper nigrum and Linum usitatissimum extract has a definite anti-osteoporotic activity and could be used as an analogous treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis.