Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of tislelizumab in conjunction with albuminbound paclitaxel and carboplatin on the gut microbiota, systemic inflammation index, and prognostic nutritional index in individuals with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Over a period spanning from October 2021 to September 2023, a review of 150 patients undergoing treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer was carried out at our hospital. These individuals were randomly allocated into two groups, with 75 individuals in each. Albumin-bound paclitaxel and carboplatin were administered to the control group, whereas the observation group received an additional course of tislelizumab treatment. The treatment procedure comprised 21 d cycles, with a total of 3 cycles administered. The research encompassed the assessment of the objective response rate, disease control rate, serum tumor markers, systemic inflammation index, prognostic nutritional index, gut microbiota composition, and safety profile. The objective response rate was substantially higher in the observation group at 46.67 % as opposed to the control group’s 28.00 %, with a disease control rate of 77.33 % in the observation group in relative to 61.33 % in the control group, exhibiting noteworthy differences (p<0.05). Additionally, levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen 125 in the observation group markedly decreased in comparison to the control group following treatment (p<0.05). Remarkably higher levels of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and notably lower levels of clostridium perfringens were found in the gut microbiota of the observation group relative to the control group (p<0.05). The observation group also displayed lower systemic inflammation index and elevated prognostic nutritional index in comparison to the control group (p<0.05). No notable distinction in adverse reaction incidence was identified between groups (p>0.05). The incorporation of tislelizumab alongside albumin-bound paclitaxel and carboplatin presented notable clinical effectiveness in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, resulting in reductions in tumor marker levels and advantageous modifications in gut microbiota composition, systemic inflammation index, and prognostic nutritional index. Furthermore, the treatment protocol exhibited excellent tolerability and a positive safety profile.