Abstract

To evaluate the effectiveness of rituximab in conjunction with cyclosporine in managing refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenia. A retrospective analysis was performed on 210 adult individuals diagnosed with refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenia upon admission to our medical facility in 2022. Subsequently, they were categorized into distinct treatment cohorts: 98 individuals in the control group and 112 individuals in the observation group. Standard treatment protocols were administered to the control group, while the observation group received supplementary low-dose rituximab alongside the standard treatment regimen followed by the control group. The evaluation encompassed pre- and post-treatment efficacy, fluctuations in cluster of differentiate 20+ expression and platelet count, levels of interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in patient serum, adverse reactions, and recurrence of thrombocytopenia. 4 w post-treatment, the observation group yielded remarkably superior outcomes, with a total effective rate of 92.86 %, compared to the control group’s rate of 77.55 % (p<0.05). Moreover, the observation group demonstrated diminished cluster of differentiate 20+ expression levels and elevated platelet counts in peripheral lymphocytes relative to the control group, with notable significance (p<0.05). Subsequent to treatment, the observation group manifested diminished interleukin-18 and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels relative to the control group, with substantial significance (p<0.01). Conversely, no noteworthy contrast in the prevalence of adverse reactions was identified between the two groups (p>0.05). The recurrence rate of thrombocytopenic purpura in the observation group was notably reduced as opposed to the control group, a difference that proved to be substantially significant (p<0.05). The concurrent usage of rituximab and cyclosporine in managing refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura exhibits marked clinical effectiveness and a commendable safety profile. The integrated treatment strategy holds potential benefits for symptom amelioration, enhancement of platelet levels, and the prevention of disease relapse, indicative of favorable attributes.