Abstract

The major objective of this investigation was to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Andrographis lineata Wall. ex Nees var. lawii C.B. Clarke leaf methanol extract on cancer cell lines. In vitro cytotoxicity of Andrographis lineata leaf extract was evaluated against A375 (melanoma), A549 (lung), HCT116 (colon), HeLa (cervix), HepG2 (hepatoma), Jurkat cells (T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia), MCF7 (breast cancer), PA1 (ovary), PC3 (prostate) and U87MG (Glioblastoma) cancer cell lines. Andrographis lineata leaf extract showed cytotoxicity activity against all cell lines, however, optimum cytotoxicity was observed against the ovarian cancer cell line (IC₅₀=39.7 μg/ml) cell line. Cell cycle and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP end labeling assays confirmed the cytotoxic activity of Andrographis lineata leaf extract. Reverse phasehigh performance liquid chromatography analysis was performed to recognize the active ingredient in the Andrographis lineata leaf extract and the results reveal that andrographolide was the major component. This investigation is the first report of the anticancer activity of Andrographis lineata leaf extract.